If you don't have the right gear, you won't do well trying to build a snow shelter.
See our Scout Skills Winter Shelters Section for more on Show Shelters.
Snow Shovel
Snow Saw
Wands
Flexible cave saw
Igloo Tool
You need a good snow shovel to build just about any snow structure.
Economy Auto Shovel
Get these at Costco and Fred Myers
Economical
Must treat with care
You can NOT pry with an alumium shovel
Purpose built Avalanche or Snowmobile Shovel
Expensive
Still need to treat with respect
Prying with aluminum shovel will break or bend the blade
The neck of shovel is fully welded
Meets the UIAA standard for avalanche rescue shovels
Landscaping Transfer Shovel
Heavier and bulkier than other options
Makes quick work of shoveling tasks
Thick Steel Blade can be abused and used to pry
Huge plus when digging out snow caves
Great when tearing down structures and trying to get home on time
Note weld on neck
image: backcountryaccess.com
Large snow shovel for clearing snow on driveway
Too large and cumbersome to use well
Garden trowel
People bring these on the mountain
Too small to use efficiently
Military entrenching tool
It will work, but too small to use efficiently
Also heavy
Great for digging into hard earth
Frisbee type shovels
Seems cool
OK for smoothing out inside of cave
NOT good for digging out holes
Snowshoes
Sure - you can dig with these, but not well
Example of a popular, collapsible Avalanche Shovel.
Heat-treated, 6061 aluminum
Full welds between neck and blade
Meets the UIAA standard for avalanche rescue shovels.
Image: backcountryaccess.comCan be used to pry snow blocks. This makes quick work of digging out snow caves. Can be used and abused by Scouts and will likely survive many outings.
If you burn off the paint and thoroughly clean it, it can be used as a frying pan on a campfire - great for bacon and steaks!
Image: craftsman.comCostco or Fred Meyers Auto Shovel - let younger Scouts use and break before using more expensive shovel
Black Diamond Deploy
BCA Dozer 1T
BCA Dozer 2H
Black Diamond Transfer LT
Ortovox PRO Alu III
Mammut Alugator Light
A saw allows you to cut out nice blocks of snow. They are also useful for avalanche pits (generally not needed on Troop outings), avalanche rescues (also not needed on our outings) and some can cut wood.
Snow Saw made by our Winter Skills Adventure Program
Note the custom measuring lines.
Winter Skills Adventure Program Saw
Hand made by our WSAP team
Perfectly adequate for Scout Snow Shelters
Most affordable saw available
Can be purchased or rented from Mount Baker Council Office
This will NOT cut wood
Bang for Buck - this is the best tool to get
MSR Basecamp Snow Shelter Saw
Expedition Quality Snow Saw for making shelters and cutting blocks
This is an Excellent Tool for what we do
Folds in half
Lightweight 7075 aluminum blade
Won't cut wood - consider the MSR Beta if you need to cut wood and ice
Black Diamond Snow Saw Guide
Pistol grip handle
Steel blade
Can be used to cut wood, but not profiled for this function
Black Diamond Snow Saw Pro
Folding Pocket knife design
Designed for snow profiling
Great for digging out columns
Will attach to adjustable Black Diamond and other poles (different adapters)
It can cut trees, but has a flimsy blade and needs TLC when cutting wood
G3 Bone Saw
Can take down small trees
Can be strapped to shovel handle
Backcountry Access Snow Saw
Very aggressive teeth - can cut wood and ice
Handle can be mounted to adjustable ski pole
Silky Saw
Designed for cutting wood
Japanese SK-4 carbon steel
Excellent saw if you need to cut up/down trees
Hand Saw with Wood Handle
Designed for cutting wood in garage
You probably have one in your garage
Teeth get gummed up when cutting snow blocks
These were the go-to tool of days long ago
Saws built into back of snow shovels
Seems like a cool idea
Saws are usually not great for cutting up a lot of blocks - either too short and/or too flimsy
Homemade aluminum saws with hardware store flat bar
Look just like the ones made by the WSAP team - at least to the untrained eye
Too thin and bends
Machete
These can actually work well if you know how to use them - don't tell anyone
Inuit of days old used a knife (pana) instead of saws to construct their igluit
Scouts with cold hands and brains may amputate self or others using these
Use these to mark parameter of shelter so people don't walk over them. Depending on what type of structure you are building, you will need around 10-12.
Note colored flags on poles
2' Garden Stakes
May turn hands green when they get wet
2' Bamboo
Painted them green or orange
Driveway Markers
Come in orange (and other colors) with reflective tape
Find on Amazon
Arrows
Potential of poking gear or someone
Tips can be removed
Look really cool
There are a handful of other gear than can help with snow structure completion.
Used to hold cut snow blocks. Hooks bottom of blocks without damaging them. You also have less body to snow contact and can cradle block better than with your hands.
If used, we recommend that you round and smooth off the corners so they don't cut anyone or any gear.
Seriously?
When we saw this, we agreed this was the dumbest idea yet on the mountain. But after this saw made quick work of two shelters before everyone else was done with one...it was obvious that this tool had real utility.
The WSAP Cadre were not positively excited about the noise from a chainsaw in the woods and there are safety concerns with use of power tools - especially chainsaws.
This obviously isn't something for Scouts or most adults should use.
An interesting creation by 'Igloo' Ed Heusers from Colorado.
This tool helps you construct igloos with a near perfect catenary arch. If snow blocks aren't available, 2+ people can shovel loose snow into the tool to make sequential blocks.
Can be used as a guide when making larger igloos with blocks or with a shovel.
Image source: grandshelters.com
First Layer of 8 foot Igloo using Icebox Tool
Completed 8 foot Igloo using Icebox Tool
The Cave Carver is a flexible sawblade with and handle on each end. It allows you to cut out cone shaped blocks of snow. If you are building a snow cave, this allows to build one quickly with far less effort than with a traditional saw or shovel.
Handmade by Ben Yang in Portland Oregon, this tool can be found at snowsaw.com - but his site seems to be frequently compromised or just broken. You might be able to contact Ben at benyang@snowsaw.com.
You still need a conventional snow saw to make this tool work for carving out caves.
Ben also sells his "YanfFang" Snow Saw. This looks a bit flimsy for a snow saw but works fine.
Image Source: youtube.com