R-Values are used to rate sleeping pads and other insulation. It is an arbitrary measuring system based on ASTM F3340-18.
The colder your nights and ground are, the greater the R-Value you will need to stay warm.
Summer: 1-2
3-Season: 2-4
Winter: 5+
Note that pads can be stacked to increase ground insulation
See Spreadsheet by backpackergeek
1.3 Multimat Camper 8
1.3 Multimat Superlite 8
1.5 Multimat Superlite 9.5 XL
1.5 Multimat Trekker Voyager 8
1.5 ALPS Foam Mat 625
1.6 Multimat Trekker Thermal 10 XL
1.7 Multimat Backpacker 9
2.0 Nemo Switchback
2.0 Therm-a-Rest Z Lite SOL
2.0 Oware Foam 1/2″ Thick
3.0 ALPS Foam Mat 750
A nice list of pads can be found at sectionhiker.com
2.3 Therm-a-Rest NeoAir UberLite
2.9 Exped Dura 3R
3.1 Sea to Summit Ultralight Insulated
3.1 Therm-a-Rest Trail Scout
3.2 Sea to Summit Ether Light XT
3.2 Therm-a-Rest ProLite Plus
3.3 Nemo Flyer
3.3 Nemo Quasar 3D
3.7 Sea to Summit Comfort Light Insulated
4.1 Sea to Summit Comfort Plus SI
4.2 Nemo Tensor Ultralight
4.2 REI Co-op AirRail Plus
4.4 Therm-a-Rest Trail Pro
4.5 Therm-a-Rest NeoAir XLite NXT
4.8 Nemo Tensor Alpine
4.9 REI Co-op Helix Insulated
7.1 Exped Ultra 7R
7.3 Therm-a-Rest NeoAir XTherm NXT
7.8 Exped Dura 8R